The reference samples have been produced by applying gelatine lifters to the outsole of the reference shoe, followed by scanning the lifters. Moreover, 1175 reference impressions are included in the databases. The digital images were produced either by scanning gelatin lifters or by photographing the impression. The databases contain samples of footwear impression evidence, that have been secured at crime scenes by forensic experts. Therefore, a higher level understanding of the patterns is necessary in order to solve this task. Additionally, in many cases no point-to-point correspondence exists between the reference impression and the probe (see Figure above). Furthermore, training and testing data are scarce. The main challenges are the combination of unknown noise conditions with rigid transformations and The impression analysis task combines several challenging problems and therefore is at the heart of pattern recognition research. Severe image degradations induced by the impression formation and lifting process. Currently, no automated systems exist that can assess the similarity between a crime scene impression and reference impressions, due to the Through this process, the noisy and incomplete evidence becomes a standardized information with outsole images, brand name, manufacturing time, etc. ![]() A part of the daily life of Forensic experts all over the world, is to assign the crime scene impression to a reference impression. ![]() ![]() Footwear impressions are one of the most frequently secured types of evidence at crime scenes.
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